Correct Answer: A - 1 and 2 only Quick Concept Explanation If a circuit response x depends linearly on independent sources u₁, u₂, …, then x(u₁+u₂+…) = x(u₁)+x(u₂)+…. Controlled/dependent sources stay in the circuit because their value is tied to another circuit variable; turning them off changes the network itself and destroys the correct controlling relationship.Exam focus: When applying superposition, write “independent OFF, dependent ON” before starting the circuit reduction. Common trap: A very common error is to short/open a dependent source or to add individual source powers. Statement-wise Verification Statement 1 - Correct.Superposition theorem is applicable only if the…
Correct Answer: A - 1 and 2 only
Quick Concept Explanation
If a circuit response x depends linearly on independent sources u₁, u₂, …, then x(u₁+u₂+…) = x(u₁)+x(u₂)+…. Controlled/dependent sources stay in the circuit because their value is tied to another circuit variable; turning them off changes the network itself and destroys the correct controlling relationship.
Exam focus: When applying superposition, write “independent OFF, dependent ON” before starting the circuit reduction. Common trap: A very common error is to short/open a dependent source or to add individual source powers.
Statement-wise Verification
- Statement 1 - Correct.
Superposition theorem is applicable only if the network contains independent sources.
In the intended theorem context: superposition resolves the effect of multiple independent excitations in a linear network. A dependent source is controlled by a circuit variable and is not treated as an independent excitation case.
- Statement 2 - Correct.
Superposition cannot be applied to power calculations directly.
Voltages and currents are linear response quantities, but power contains a square/product term such as V²/R, I²R or VI, so powers from separate source cases cannot simply be added.
- Statement 3 - Incorrect.
Dependent sources must be deactivated while applying superposition.
Dependent sources must remain active while independent voltage sources are replaced by their internal resistance (ideal source → short) and independent current sources by their internal resistance (ideal source → open).
Core Concept
Superposition is a direct consequence of linearity. If a circuit response x depends linearly on independent sources u₁, u₂, …, then x(u₁+u₂+…) = x(u₁)+x(u₂)+…. The theorem is applied to branch current or voltage, not directly to power. Controlled/dependent sources stay in the circuit because their value is tied to another circuit variable; turning them off changes the network itself and destroys the correct controlling relationship.
Formula / Key Relationship
Linear response: x = x₁ + x₂ + … . Power is nonlinear: P = VI = I²R = V²/R.
Step-by-Step Check
Five-check verification: (1) linearity requirement confirmed; (2) independent-source suppression rule confirmed; (3) dependent-source rule confirmed; (4) power nonlinearity checked from P=V²/R or I²R; (5) option combinations checked. Therefore A is the only technically consistent option.
Why the Other Options Are Wrong
Option B is incorrect because it omits correct statement(s) 1. Option C is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 3 and omits correct statement(s) 1. Option D is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 3.
Answer-Key Verification Note
The uploaded provisional key marks C . After independent technical verification, the defensible answer is A . This discrepancy is stated explicitly rather than silently copying the provisional key.
Exam Shortcut / Approach
When applying superposition, write “independent OFF, dependent ON” before starting the circuit reduction.
Common Mistake
A very common error is to short/open a dependent source or to add individual source powers.
Quick Revision
Superposition with Dependent Sources is linked with Superposition Theorem, Network Theorems and Network Theory. When applying superposition, write “independent OFF, dependent ON” before starting the circuit reduction.
