Consider the following statements: Surge impedance loading of a transmission line can be increased by
1. increasing its voltage level
2. addition of lumped inductance in parallel
3. addition of lumped capacitance in series
4. reducing the length of the lineWhich of these statements are correct?
Answer & step-by-step solution
Surge impedance loading is the power at which a transmission line's reactive generation by capacitance approximately balances reactive absorption by inductance. Series capacitive compensation reduces effective series reactance/surge impedance and therefore can increase SIL. Key relation: SIL≈V_LL²/Z_c.
Exam focus: Higher voltage has a squared effect on SIL. Common trap: Line length itself is not the defining variable in the basic SIL formula.
Statement-wise Verification
- Statement 1 - Correct.
increasing its voltage level
Higher voltage has a squared effect on SIL. - Statement 2 - Incorrect.
addition of lumped inductance in parallel
The correct principle is: Surge impedance loading is the power at which a transmission line's reactive generation by capacitance approximately balances reactive absorption by inductance. - Statement 3 - Correct.
addition of lumped capacitance in series
Surge impedance loading is the power at which a transmission line's reactive generation by capacitance approximately balances reactive absorption by inductance. - Statement 4 - Incorrect.
reducing the length of the line
The correct principle is: SIL≈V_LL²/Z_c.
Core Concept
Surge impedance loading is the power at which a transmission line's reactive generation by capacitance approximately balances reactive absorption by inductance. It scales as voltage squared divided by surge impedance. Series capacitive compensation reduces effective series reactance/surge impedance and therefore can increase SIL.
Formula / Key Relationship
SIL≈V_LL²/Z_c.
Why the Other Options Are Wrong
Option B is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 2, 4 and omits correct statement(s) 1, 3. Option C is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 4 and omits correct statement(s) 3. Option D is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 4 and omits correct statement(s) 1.
Exam Shortcut / Approach
Higher voltage has a squared effect on SIL.
Common Mistake
Line length itself is not the defining variable in the basic SIL formula.
Quick Revision
SIL and Series Compensation is linked with Surge Impedance Loading, Transmission Lines and Power Systems. Higher voltage has a squared effect on SIL.
निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए: पारेषण लाइन का सर्ज इम्पीडेंस लोडिंग (SIL) बढ़ाया जा सकता है
1. इसका वोल्टेज स्तर बढ़ाकर
2. समानांतर में लम्पड प्रेरकत्व जोड़कर
3. श्रेणी में लम्पड धारिता जोड़कर
4. लाइन की लंबाई घटाकर
इनमें से कौन-से कथन सही हैं?
उत्तर और चरणबद्ध हल
A — केवल 1 और 3। SIL ≈ V²/Zc; वोल्टेज बढ़ाने का प्रभाव वर्ग में होता है, और श्रेणी कैपेसिटर प्रभावी श्रेणी रिएक्टेंस/Zc घटाकर SIL बढ़ाता है। शंट प्रेरकत्व Zc बढ़ाता है और लंबाई मूल SIL सूत्र में नहीं है।
विस्तृत हल (मूल भाषा में)
Statement-wise Verification
- Statement 1 - Correct.
increasing its voltage level
Higher voltage has a squared effect on SIL. - Statement 2 - Incorrect.
addition of lumped inductance in parallel
The correct principle is: Surge impedance loading is the power at which a transmission line's reactive generation by capacitance approximately balances reactive absorption by inductance. - Statement 3 - Correct.
addition of lumped capacitance in series
Surge impedance loading is the power at which a transmission line's reactive generation by capacitance approximately balances reactive absorption by inductance. - Statement 4 - Incorrect.
reducing the length of the line
The correct principle is: SIL≈V_LL²/Z_c.
Core Concept
Surge impedance loading is the power at which a transmission line's reactive generation by capacitance approximately balances reactive absorption by inductance. It scales as voltage squared divided by surge impedance. Series capacitive compensation reduces effective series reactance/surge impedance and therefore can increase SIL.
Formula / Key Relationship
SIL≈V_LL²/Z_c.
Why the Other Options Are Wrong
Option B is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 2, 4 and omits correct statement(s) 1, 3. Option C is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 4 and omits correct statement(s) 3. Option D is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 4 and omits correct statement(s) 1.
Exam Shortcut / Approach
Higher voltage has a squared effect on SIL.
Common Mistake
Line length itself is not the defining variable in the basic SIL formula.
Quick Revision
SIL and Series Compensation is linked with Surge Impedance Loading, Transmission Lines and Power Systems. Higher voltage has a squared effect on SIL.
નીચેનાં વિધાનો ધ્યાનમાં લો: પારેષણ લાઇનનું સર્જ ઇમ્પીડન્સ લોડિંગ (SIL) વધારી શકાય છે
1. તેનું વોલ્ટેજ સ્તર વધારીને
2. સમાંતરમાં લમ્પ્ડ પ્રેરકત્વ ઉમેરીને
3. શ્રેણીમાં લમ્પ્ડ ધારિતા ઉમેરીને
4. લાઇનની લંબાઈ ઘટાડીને
આમાંથી કયાં વિધાનો સાચાં છે?
જવાબ અને પગલાવાર ઉકેલ
A — ફક્ત 1 અને 3. SIL ≈ V²/Zc; વોલ્ટેજ વધારવાની અસર વર્ગમાં થાય છે, અને શ્રેણી કેપેસિટર અસરકારક શ્રેણી રિએક્ટન્સ/Zc ઘટાડીને SIL વધારે છે. શંટ પ્રેરકત્વ Zc વધારે છે અને લંબાઈ મૂળ SIL સૂત્રમાં નથી.
વિગતવાર ઉકેલ (મૂળ ભાષામાં)
Statement-wise Verification
- Statement 1 - Correct.
increasing its voltage level
Higher voltage has a squared effect on SIL. - Statement 2 - Incorrect.
addition of lumped inductance in parallel
The correct principle is: Surge impedance loading is the power at which a transmission line's reactive generation by capacitance approximately balances reactive absorption by inductance. - Statement 3 - Correct.
addition of lumped capacitance in series
Surge impedance loading is the power at which a transmission line's reactive generation by capacitance approximately balances reactive absorption by inductance. - Statement 4 - Incorrect.
reducing the length of the line
The correct principle is: SIL≈V_LL²/Z_c.
Core Concept
Surge impedance loading is the power at which a transmission line's reactive generation by capacitance approximately balances reactive absorption by inductance. It scales as voltage squared divided by surge impedance. Series capacitive compensation reduces effective series reactance/surge impedance and therefore can increase SIL.
Formula / Key Relationship
SIL≈V_LL²/Z_c.
Why the Other Options Are Wrong
Option B is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 2, 4 and omits correct statement(s) 1, 3. Option C is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 4 and omits correct statement(s) 3. Option D is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 4 and omits correct statement(s) 1.
Exam Shortcut / Approach
Higher voltage has a squared effect on SIL.
Common Mistake
Line length itself is not the defining variable in the basic SIL formula.
Quick Revision
SIL and Series Compensation is linked with Surge Impedance Loading, Transmission Lines and Power Systems. Higher voltage has a squared effect on SIL.
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