Installation of capacitors at suitable locations and of optimum size in a distribution system results in
1. improved voltage regulation
2. reduction in distribution power losses
3. reduction of kVA rating of distribution transformersSelect the correct answer using the codes given below:
Answer & step-by-step solution
For a fixed real-power load and supply voltage, poor power factor requires higher current. Raising power factor with shunt capacitors or an over-excited synchronous machine reduces kVA demand, line current and I²R losses and generally improves voltage regulation. Key relation: Single phase: I=P/(V·PF). Three phase: I=P/(√3 V_L·PF).
Exam focus: For the same kW, current is inversely proportional to power factor. Common trap: Capacitors supply leading reactive power; they do not supply lagging VARs.
Statement-wise Verification
- Statement 1 - Correct.
improved voltage regulation
Raising power factor with shunt capacitors or an over-excited synchronous machine reduces kVA demand, line current and I²R losses and generally improves voltage regulation. - Statement 2 - Correct.
reduction in distribution power losses
Raising power factor with shunt capacitors or an over-excited synchronous machine reduces kVA demand, line current and I²R losses and generally improves voltage regulation. - Statement 3 - Correct.
reduction of kVA rating of distribution transformers
Raising power factor with shunt capacitors or an over-excited synchronous machine reduces kVA demand, line current and I²R losses and generally improves voltage regulation.
Core Concept
For a fixed real-power load and supply voltage, poor power factor requires higher current. Raising power factor with shunt capacitors or an over-excited synchronous machine reduces kVA demand, line current and I²R losses and generally improves voltage regulation. Compensation should be placed close to the inductive load when practical so reactive current does not travel through upstream conductors.
Formula / Key Relationship
Single phase: I=P/(V·PF). Three phase: I=P/(√3 V_L·PF).
Why the Other Options Are Wrong
Option A is incorrect because it omits correct statement(s) 2, 3. Option C is incorrect because it omits correct statement(s) 3. Option D is incorrect because it omits correct statement(s) 1, 2.
Exam Shortcut / Approach
For the same kW, current is inversely proportional to power factor.
Common Mistake
Capacitors supply leading reactive power; they do not supply lagging VARs.
Quick Revision
Capacitor Placement in Distribution is linked with Shunt Capacitors, Distribution Systems and Power Systems. For the same kW, current is inversely proportional to power factor.
वितरण प्रणाली में उपयुक्त स्थानों पर इष्टतम आकार के संधारित्र लगाने का परिणाम है
1. बेहतर वोल्टेज नियमन
2. वितरण शक्ति हानि में कमी
3. वितरण ट्रांसफार्मरों की kVA रेटिंग में कमी
नीचे दिए गए कूटों का उपयोग करके सही उत्तर चुनिए:
उत्तर और चरणबद्ध हल
B — 1, 2 और 3। शंट संधारित्र PF सुधारते हैं, जिससे समान kW पर धारा घटती है (I = P/(V·PF)) — फलतः kVA माँग, ट्रांसफार्मर kVA रेटिंग और I²R हानि घटती है और वोल्टेज नियमन सुधरता है।
विस्तृत हल (मूल भाषा में)
Statement-wise Verification
- Statement 1 - Correct.
improved voltage regulation
Raising power factor with shunt capacitors or an over-excited synchronous machine reduces kVA demand, line current and I²R losses and generally improves voltage regulation. - Statement 2 - Correct.
reduction in distribution power losses
Raising power factor with shunt capacitors or an over-excited synchronous machine reduces kVA demand, line current and I²R losses and generally improves voltage regulation. - Statement 3 - Correct.
reduction of kVA rating of distribution transformers
Raising power factor with shunt capacitors or an over-excited synchronous machine reduces kVA demand, line current and I²R losses and generally improves voltage regulation.
Core Concept
For a fixed real-power load and supply voltage, poor power factor requires higher current. Raising power factor with shunt capacitors or an over-excited synchronous machine reduces kVA demand, line current and I²R losses and generally improves voltage regulation. Compensation should be placed close to the inductive load when practical so reactive current does not travel through upstream conductors.
Formula / Key Relationship
Single phase: I=P/(V·PF). Three phase: I=P/(√3 V_L·PF).
Why the Other Options Are Wrong
Option A is incorrect because it omits correct statement(s) 2, 3. Option C is incorrect because it omits correct statement(s) 3. Option D is incorrect because it omits correct statement(s) 1, 2.
Exam Shortcut / Approach
For the same kW, current is inversely proportional to power factor.
Common Mistake
Capacitors supply leading reactive power; they do not supply lagging VARs.
Quick Revision
Capacitor Placement in Distribution is linked with Shunt Capacitors, Distribution Systems and Power Systems. For the same kW, current is inversely proportional to power factor.
વિતરણ પ્રણાલીમાં યોગ્ય સ્થળોએ શ્રેષ્ઠ કદના સંધારકો લગાવવાનું પરિણામ છે
1. વધુ સારું વોલ્ટેજ નિયમન
2. વિતરણ પાવર લોસમાં ઘટાડો
3. વિતરણ ટ્રાન્સફોર્મરના kVA રેટિંગમાં ઘટાડો
નીચે આપેલા સંકેતોનો ઉપયોગ કરી સાચો જવાબ પસંદ કરો:
જવાબ અને પગલાવાર ઉકેલ
B — 1, 2 અને 3. શંટ સંધારકો PF સુધારે છે, જેથી સમાન kW પર પ્રવાહ ઘટે છે (I = P/(V·PF)) — પરિણામે kVA માંગ, ટ્રાન્સફોર્મર kVA રેટિંગ અને I²R લોસ ઘટે છે અને વોલ્ટેજ નિયમન સુધરે છે.
વિગતવાર ઉકેલ (મૂળ ભાષામાં)
Statement-wise Verification
- Statement 1 - Correct.
improved voltage regulation
Raising power factor with shunt capacitors or an over-excited synchronous machine reduces kVA demand, line current and I²R losses and generally improves voltage regulation. - Statement 2 - Correct.
reduction in distribution power losses
Raising power factor with shunt capacitors or an over-excited synchronous machine reduces kVA demand, line current and I²R losses and generally improves voltage regulation. - Statement 3 - Correct.
reduction of kVA rating of distribution transformers
Raising power factor with shunt capacitors or an over-excited synchronous machine reduces kVA demand, line current and I²R losses and generally improves voltage regulation.
Core Concept
For a fixed real-power load and supply voltage, poor power factor requires higher current. Raising power factor with shunt capacitors or an over-excited synchronous machine reduces kVA demand, line current and I²R losses and generally improves voltage regulation. Compensation should be placed close to the inductive load when practical so reactive current does not travel through upstream conductors.
Formula / Key Relationship
Single phase: I=P/(V·PF). Three phase: I=P/(√3 V_L·PF).
Why the Other Options Are Wrong
Option A is incorrect because it omits correct statement(s) 2, 3. Option C is incorrect because it omits correct statement(s) 3. Option D is incorrect because it omits correct statement(s) 1, 2.
Exam Shortcut / Approach
For the same kW, current is inversely proportional to power factor.
Common Mistake
Capacitors supply leading reactive power; they do not supply lagging VARs.
Quick Revision
Capacitor Placement in Distribution is linked with Shunt Capacitors, Distribution Systems and Power Systems. For the same kW, current is inversely proportional to power factor.
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