Consider the following statements regarding Flip Flops:1.SR flip-flop has invalid state when both inputs are high causing undefined output.2.JK flip-flop resolves this issue by toggling when both inputs are high.3.D flip-flop eliminates race condition by using level triggering.Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Correct Answer: D - 1 and 2 only

Quick Concept Explanation

Flip-flops and latches store state. In the basic active-high SR form, S=R=1 is forbidden/invalid. Key relation: JK with J=K=1 → toggle.

Exam focus: Race-around is associated especially with level-triggered JK at long clock pulses. Common trap: Do not credit level triggering itself with eliminating race-around.

Statement-wise Verification

• Statement 1 - Correct.
  SR flip-flop has invalid state when both inputs are high causing undefined output.
  In the basic active-high SR form, S=R=1 is forbidden/invalid.
• Statement 2 - Correct.
  JK flip-flop resolves this issue by toggling when both inputs are high.
  The JK design removes that invalid combination by toggling when J=K=1.
• Statement 3 - Incorrect.
  D flip-flop eliminates race condition by using level triggering.
  The correct principle is: Race-around concerns are addressed by edge triggering or master-slave design rather than simply 'level triggering'.

Core Concept

Flip-flops and latches store state. In the basic active-high SR form, S=R=1 is forbidden/invalid. The JK design removes that invalid combination by toggling when J=K=1. D storage forces complementary set/reset behavior from one data input, but race-around concerns are addressed by edge triggering or master-slave design rather than simply 'level triggering'.

Formula / Key Relationship

JK with J=K=1 → toggle.

Why the Other Options Are Wrong

Option A is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 3. Option B is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 3 and omits correct statement(s) 1. Option C is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 3 and omits correct statement(s) 2.

Exam Shortcut / Approach

Race-around is associated especially with level-triggered JK at long clock pulses.

Common Mistake

Do not credit level triggering itself with eliminating race-around.

Quick Revision

SR JK and D Flip-Flops is linked with Flip-Flops, Sequential Logic and Digital Electronics. Race-around is associated especially with level-triggered JK at long clock pulses.