Consider the following statements: Surge impedance loading of a transmission line can be increased by1.increasing its voltage level2.addition of lumped inductance in parallel3.addition of lumped capacitance in series4.reducing the length of the lineWhich of these statements are correct?
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Surge impedance loading is the power at which a transmission line's reactive generation by capacitance approximately balances reactive absorption by inductance. Series capacitive compensation reduces effective series reactance/surge impedance and therefore can increase SIL. Key relation: SIL≈V_LL²/Z_c.
Exam focus: Higher voltage has a squared effect on SIL. Common trap: Line length itself is not the defining variable in the basic SIL formula.
Formula / Key Relation
SIL≈V_LL²/Zc.
Detailed Explanation
Correct Answer: A - 1 and 3 only Quick Concept Explanation Surge impedance loading is the power at which a transmission line's reactive generation by capacitance approximately balances reactive absorption by inductance. Series capacitive compensation reduces effective series reactance/surge impedance and therefore can increase SIL. Key relation: SIL≈V_LL²/Z_c.Exam focus: Higher voltage has a squared effect on SIL. Common trap: Line length itself is not the defining variable in the basic SIL formula. Statement-wise Verification Statement 1 - Correct.increasing its voltage levelHigher voltage has a squared effect on SIL. Statement 2 - Incorrect.addition of lumped inductance in parallelThe correct principle is:…
Correct Answer: A - 1 and 3 only
Quick Concept Explanation
Surge impedance loading is the power at which a transmission line's reactive generation by capacitance approximately balances reactive absorption by inductance. Series capacitive compensation reduces effective series reactance/surge impedance and therefore can increase SIL. Key relation: SIL≈V_LL²/Z_c.
Exam focus: Higher voltage has a squared effect on SIL. Common trap: Line length itself is not the defining variable in the basic SIL formula.
Statement-wise Verification
Statement 1 - Correct. increasing its voltage level Higher voltage has a squared effect on SIL.
Statement 2 - Incorrect. addition of lumped inductance in parallel The correct principle is: Surge impedance loading is the power at which a transmission line's reactive generation by capacitance approximately balances reactive absorption by inductance.
Statement 3 - Correct. addition of lumped capacitance in series Surge impedance loading is the power at which a transmission line's reactive generation by capacitance approximately balances reactive absorption by inductance.
Statement 4 - Incorrect. reducing the length of the line The correct principle is: SIL≈V_LL²/Z_c.
Core Concept
Surge impedance loading is the power at which a transmission line's reactive generation by capacitance approximately balances reactive absorption by inductance. It scales as voltage squared divided by surge impedance. Series capacitive compensation reduces effective series reactance/surge impedance and therefore can increase SIL.
Formula / Key Relationship
SIL≈V_LL²/Z_c.
Why the Other Options Are Wrong
Option B is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 2, 4 and omits correct statement(s) 1, 3. Option C is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 4 and omits correct statement(s) 3. Option D is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 4 and omits correct statement(s) 1.
Exam Shortcut / Approach
Higher voltage has a squared effect on SIL.
Common Mistake
Line length itself is not the defining variable in the basic SIL formula.
Quick Revision
SIL and Series Compensation is linked with Surge Impedance Loading, Transmission Lines and Power Systems. Higher voltage has a squared effect on SIL.
Quick Trick
Higher voltage has a squared effect on SIL.
Why Other Options Are Wrong
Option B is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 2, 4 and omits correct statement(s) 1, 3. Option C is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 4 and omits correct statement(s) 3. Option D is incorrect because it includes incorrect statement(s) 4 and omits correct statement(s) 1.
Common Mistake
Line length itself is not the defining variable in the basic SIL formula.
Exam Tip
Higher voltage has a squared effect on SIL.
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