Correct AnswerA. Reserve capacity available but not ready for use
Quick Explanation
Cold reserve is generating capacity that exists but is not ready for immediate use; it requires startup and synchronization before it can carry load. This contrasts with spinning/hot reserve, which is already running or immediately available.
Detailed Explanation
Concept & Reasoning
Reserve terminology is based on response readiness. Spinning reserve is synchronized and can pick up load quickly. Hot/warm reserve is closer to service. Cold reserve may be shut down and needs substantial startup time. Therefore 'available but not ready for use' is the defining description.
How to Solve It in the Exam
Cold = not running/ready.
Important Exam PointDon't confuse reserve capacity with excess load already being carried.
Related Revision Path
This question sits in the revision path Power Plant Engineering → Power System Operation → Reserve Capacity .
