Correct Answer: D - Both generation and distribution are A.C. Quick Concept Explanation “HVDC system” in power-system exams normally refers to a high-voltage DC transmission link embedded between AC systems. The conversion terminals are what allow two AC systems—including asynchronous systems—to exchange power over a DC link. Key relation: Typical chain: AC generation/grid → AC/DC converter → HVDC line/cable → DC/AC converter → AC transmission/distribution grid.Exam focus: HVDC changes the transmission medium, not the conventional AC nature of generation and distribution grids. Common trap: Reading “HVDC” as if the entire power system from generator to consumer were DC. Technical Verification…
Correct Answer: D - Both generation and distribution are A.C.
Quick Concept Explanation
“HVDC system” in power-system exams normally refers to a high-voltage DC transmission link embedded between AC systems. The conversion terminals are what allow two AC systems—including asynchronous systems—to exchange power over a DC link. Key relation: Typical chain: AC generation/grid → AC/DC converter → HVDC line/cable → DC/AC converter → AC transmission/distribution grid.
Exam focus: HVDC changes the transmission medium, not the conventional AC nature of generation and distribution grids. Common trap: Reading “HVDC” as if the entire power system from generator to consumer were DC.
Technical Verification
Option A — Incorrect: conventional bulk generation is predominantly AC and end-user distribution grids are normally AC. Option B — Incorrect: it makes the distribution system DC; an HVDC link normally inverts back to AC before feeding the receiving grid. Option C — Incorrect: it incorrectly states DC generation and AC distribution. Option D — Correct: AC generation → rectifier/converter → DC transmission → inverter/converter → AC grid/distribution.
Core Concept
“HVDC system” in power-system exams normally refers to a high-voltage DC transmission link embedded between AC systems. The conversion terminals are what allow two AC systems—including asynchronous systems—to exchange power over a DC link.
Formula / Key Relationship
Typical chain: AC generation/grid → AC/DC converter → HVDC line/cable → DC/AC converter → AC transmission/distribution grid.
Step-by-Step Check
Tracing the actual energy-conversion chain eliminates A, B and C and leaves D.
Why the Other Options Are Wrong
A and B incorrectly make distribution DC; C incorrectly makes generation DC. Conventional HVDC uses AC generation, a DC transmission link, and AC at the receiving/distribution system, so D is correct.
Answer-Key Verification Note
The uploaded provisional key marks C . After independent technical verification, the defensible answer is D . This discrepancy is stated explicitly rather than silently copying the provisional key.
Exam Shortcut / Approach
HVDC changes the transmission medium, not the conventional AC nature of generation and distribution grids.
Common Mistake
Reading “HVDC” as if the entire power system from generator to consumer were DC.
Quick Revision
AC Generation DC Transmission AC Distribution is linked with HVDC System Structure, HVDC Transmission and Power Systems. HVDC changes the transmission medium, not the conventional AC nature of generation and distribution grids.