Correct AnswerC. By increasing the capacitance in the higher stages
Quick Explanation
In a Cockcroft-Walton multiplier, voltage sag/ripple becomes more severe toward the higher-output stages because charging currents pass through preceding capacitors. Increasing capacitance in the higher stages is one effective grading measure to reduce the voltage sag there, which is the revised final-key choice C.
Formula / Key Relation
For multiplier ladders, load-dependent ripple/sag is approximately proportional to:
I/(fC)
Larger C ⇒ smaller ripple/sag
Detailed Explanation
Concept & ReasoningA practical multiplier does not deliver exactly n times the peak input under load. Load current causes charge depletion and voltage drop that accumulate through the ladder. Capacitor grading—using larger capacitance where charge-transfer duty is greater or where sag must be reduced—can flatten the stage voltage distribution. The GPSC final key revised this item from the provisional choice to option C, so the final-key answer should be used.How to Solve It in the ExamSag ∝ 1/C: increase capacitance where sag is excessive.Important Exam PointUse the official final key rather than the provisional highlight for revised questions.Editorial / Answer-Key…
Concept & Reasoning
A practical multiplier does not deliver exactly n times the peak input under load. Load current causes charge depletion and voltage drop that accumulate through the ladder. Capacitor grading—using larger capacitance where charge-transfer duty is greater or where sag must be reduced—can flatten the stage voltage distribution. The GPSC final key revised this item from the provisional choice to option C, so the final-key answer should be used.
How to Solve It in the Exam
Sag ∝ 1/C: increase capacitance where sag is excessive.
Important Exam Point
Use the official final key rather than the provisional highlight for revised questions.
Editorial / Answer-Key Note
The official GPSC final answer key revised the provisional outcome for this question from D to C.
Related Revision Path
This question sits in the revision path Power System → High Voltage Engineering → Impulse/High Voltage Generation .
Quick Trick
Sag ∝ 1/C: increase capacitance where sag is excessive.
Common Mistake
Decreasing capacitance when trying to reduce sag.
Exam Tip
Use the official final key rather than the provisional highlight for revised questions.
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